The hand consists of bones including the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges, which provide structure and fine movement.

1. Intrinsic and extrinsic muscles control finger motions such as flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

2. Tendons transmit muscle force to the bones, supported by ligaments and protective tendon sheaths.

3. The hand is supplied by major nerves—the median, radial, and ulnar nerves—responsible for sensation and motor control.

4. A rich network of blood vessels, especially the palmar arterial arches, ensures adequate blood flow for hand function.