عندما يعاني مرضي السكر من ضغوطات شديد او عدوي أو التهابات شديده مع نقص مستويات الانسولين بالدم 

يتعرضون بالتبعيه الي غيبوبه السكر DKA 

ويتم التشخيص طبقا لمستويات السكر والكيتونز في الدم بالاضافه الي مستويات البايكاربونات 

في الفيديو شرحت لكم ال pathogenesis of DKA

وكيفيه التشخيص السليم 

فيما يخص العلاج ينبغي مراقبه مستويات البوتاسيوم بصوره صارمه جدا لانها قد تكون قاتله اذا ما بدا العلاج بالانسولين ونزول مستويات البوتاسيوم بصوره كبيره جدا 

**Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)** is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones due to a lack of insulin⊃3;. It is characterized by severe hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketosis⊃3;.

The management of DKA is a critical medical emergency that requires hospitalization for aggressive replacement and monitoring of fluids, electrolytes, and insulin therapy⊃3;. Here are the key steps involved in the management of DKA:

1. **Fluid Replacement**: Fluids are administered to replace those lost through excessive urination and to dilute the excess sugar in the blood⊃2;⁵. This can be done orally or intravenously⊃2;⁵.

2. **Electrolyte Replacement**: Electrolytes are minerals in the blood, such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, that carry an electric charge. Insufficient insulin can lower the level of several electrolytes in the blood. Intravenous electrolytes are given to help keep the heart, muscles, and nerve cells working properly⊃2;⁵.

3. **Insulin Therapy**: Insulin is administered to reverse the processes causing DKA⊃2;. This is usually given intravenously. A return to regular insulin therapy may be possible when the blood sugar level falls to about 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) and the blood is no longer acidic⊃2;.