Overview: Lung Compliance and Pressure-Volume Curve

Lung Compliance

• Definition: Lung compliance is the measure of the lung's ability to stretch and expand in response to pressure changes.

• Factors Affecting Compliance: Elasticity of lung tissues and surface tension within the alveoli.

• High Compliance: Easier lung expansion (e.g., emphysema).

• Low Compliance: Stiffer lungs, harder to expand (e.g., pulmonary fibrosis).

Pressure-Volume

Curve

• Description: Graphical representation of the relationship between lung volume and the pressure required to achieve that volume.

• Static Compliance: Measured when no air is flowing (e.g., during an inspiratory pause).

• Dynamic Compliance: Measured during active breathing, considering both lung compliance and airway resistance.

• Clinical Relevance: Helps assess lung function and diagnose respiratory conditions.

Physiology of the Respiratory System

• Gas Exchange: Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between the alveoli and blood.

• Ventilation: Movement of air into and out of the lungs.

• Control of Breathing: Regulation by the respiratory centers in the brainstem.